4.AFFIX, ROOT, STEM AND BASE

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                                                AFFIX, ROOT, STEM AND BASE 






BASE
The base is a relative notion that is defined with respect to the notion ‘affix’. (We will refine this definition of ‘base’. A base is any form to which affixes of any kind can be added.

For example:

Happy
Base Form 
(unhappy, happiness, etc)

Be Happy todos los días! | Fondo amarillo, Cosas amarillas, Ideas de fondos de pantalla
Be Happy 



ROOT
A base that cannot be analyzed any further into constituent morphemes is called a root.
It is that part of word-form that remains when all inflectional and derivational affixes have been removed.
For example:

Happiness       Happi     ness
                        Root      Suffix


STEM 
A stem is the root or roots of a word, together with any derivational affixes, to which inflectional affixes are added.
For example:

Wheelchairs            Wheel     chair      s
                                 Root      Root  Steam

NOTE: It is important to know very well the structure and the formation of a word therefore, in the following video it will be explained in a simple way the roots, the afixes and base.




REFERENCES 
Lieber, R. (2009). Introducing Morphology . Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
Sims, A. D., & Haspelmath, M. (2010). Understanding Morphology. Euston Road: Hodder Education,         an Hachette UK Company.

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